To celebrate our 90th birthday, and help us look ahead to the next 90 years, we asked leading sustainability, purpose and business influencers to share their thoughts on how companies with purpose will be successful in the future.
I first started acting as an adviser to Unilever back in 1997, joining what was then called the Unilever Environment Group. I was told that one of the first things I should do would be to visit Port Sunlight to check out the museum and get a proper idea of just how radical William Lever's vision for his soap factory was back in the 19th century.
So I did - and it was quite an experience. When Harvard University Professor Michael Porter created such a splash in 2006 with his ground-breaking idea of 'shared value', I couldn't help but compare that with Lever's shared prosperity model 120 years earlier.
Early sustainability ambitions
The Unilever Environment Group focused pretty tightly on basic environmental housekeeping matters and on some big 'stewardship challenges' - particularly the Forestry Stewardship Council and the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC).
In those days, Bird's Eye was still a Unilever brand and had formed a partnership with WWF to address the massive challenge of overfishing around the world. 'What's the point of having a frozen fish business if there aren't going to be any fish in the sea ' was the call-to-arms of Bird's Eye's senior managers at the time.
This really was ground-breaking, and for all its ups and downs, the MSC is today an outstanding success story, giving consumers reliable information about the sustainability of the fisheries from which their cod or tuna or toothfish has been sourced.
The whole social agenda in Unilever was dealt with completely separately at that time, but eventually the integrated concept of sustainable development started to get a lot more traction across the company. It led to the establishment of the Unilever Sustainable Development Group, which in turn morphed into the Advisory Council for the Unilever Sustainable Living Plan in 2010.
Challenges for the next decade
Ten years on, Unilever is about to celebrate a pretty extraordinary record of success through the USLP, and although somewhat inevitably there are a number of targets that won't be met before the end of the year, it's still seen as a hugely inspiring exemplar of how a global fast-moving consumer goods company can reconcile the pursuit of growth and profit with being a force for good in the world on a host of environmental and social issues.
But only up to a certain point. One of the challenges for Unilever today is the uncomfortable knowledge that 20 years of excellent performance on its part (and on the part of the 20 or 30 global companies that are in the same sort of league) have done little to shift the needle on the three meta-crises we now face. These are the climate emergency; the erosion of the natural world and the threat of eco-system collapse and the stubborn persistence of chronic and cruel inequality around the world, notwithstanding enormous improvements in longevity, health and education.
What does the concept of corporate sustainability mean in such a world If Earth-trashing economic growth and ruthlessly promoted consumerism, where everything has to be as cheap as possible for Western consumers, remain the drivers of what we think of as 'progress' today, compounded by continuing population growth, how can any company, even one as committed as Unilever, genuinely aspire to make a real difference
Companies are still obliged to create as much social and environmental value as they can, within the rules of the game. But the real test today is how outspoken will companies be in explicitly seeking to change the rules of that game.
So as CEO Alan Jope and his team work out how to build on the record of the USLP over the next ten years, it's fair to say that it certainly doesn't get any easier.
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