For the Three and Nine Months Ended
The following information should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes, together with our discussion and analysis of financial position and results of operations, included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2020 (the "2020 Form 10-K"), as filed onMarch 1, 2021 with theU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") inthe United States ("U.S.").
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 (our "quarterly report") contains various forward-looking statements and information that are based on our beliefs and those of our general partner, as well as assumptions made by us and information currently available to us. When used in this document, words such as "anticipate," "project," "expect," "plan," "seek," "goal," "estimate," "forecast," "intend," "could," "should," "would," "will," "believe," "may," "scheduled," "potential" and similar expressions and statements regarding our plans and objectives for future operations are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Although we and our general partner believe that our expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements (including any forward-looking statements/expectations of third parties referenced in this quarterly report) are reasonable, neither we nor our general partner can give any assurances that such expectations will prove to be correct. Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of risks (including those attributable to the Coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") pandemic), uncertainties and assumptions as described in more detail under Part I, Item 1A of our 2020 Form 10-K. If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, projected or expected. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements in this quarterly report speak only as of the date hereof. Except as required by federal and state securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or any other reason.
Key References Used in this Management's Discussion and Analysis
Unless the context requires otherwise, references to "we," "us" or "our" within
this quarterly report are intended to mean the business and operations of
References to the "Partnership" mean
References to "EPO" meanEnterprise Products Operating LLC , which is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, and its consolidated subsidiaries, through which the Partnership conducts its business. We are managed by our general partner,Enterprise Products Holdings LLC ("Enterprise GP"), which is a wholly owned subsidiary ofDan Duncan LLC , a privately heldTexas limited liability company. The membership interests ofDan Duncan LLC are owned by a voting trust, the current trustees ("DD LLC Trustees") of which are: (i)Randa Duncan Williams , who is also a director and Chairman of the Board of Directors (the "Board") of Enterprise GP; (ii)Richard H. Bachmann , who is also a director and Vice Chairman of theBoard of Enterprise GP ; and (iii)W. Randall Fowler , who is also a director and the Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Enterprise GP. Ms.Duncan Williams and Messrs. Bachmann and Fowler also currently serve as managers ofDan Duncan LLC . References to "EPCO" meanEnterprise Products Company , a privately heldTexas corporation, and its privately held affiliates. The outstanding voting capital stock of EPCO is owned by a voting trust, the current trustees ("EPCO Trustees") of which are: (i) Ms.Duncan Williams , who serves as Chairman of EPCO; (ii)Mr. Bachmann , who serves as the President and Chief Executive Officer of EPCO; and (iii)Mr. Fowler , who serves as an Executive Vice President and the Chief Financial Officer of EPCO. Ms.Duncan Williams and Messrs. Bachmann and Fowler also currently serve as directors of EPCO. 41
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We, Enterprise GP, EPCO andDan Duncan LLC are affiliates under the collective common control of theDD LLC Trustees and the EPCO Trustees. EPCO, together with its privately held affiliates, owned approximately 32.2% of the Partnership's common units outstanding atSeptember 30, 2021 . InMarch 2021 , a privately held affiliate of EPCO sold its entire ownership interest in the Partnership's Series A Cumulative Convertible Preferred Units ("preferred units") to third parties.
As generally used in the energy industry and in this quarterly report, the acronyms below have the following meanings:
/d = per day MMBPD = million barrels per day BBtus = billion British thermal units MMBtus = million British thermal units Bcf = billion cubic feet MMcf = million cubic feet BPD = barrels per day MWac = megawatts, alternating
current
MBPD = thousand barrels per day MWdc = megawatts, direct current MMBbls = million barrels
TBtus = trillion British thermal units
As used in this quarterly report, the phrase "quarter-to-quarter" means the
third quarter of 2021 compared to the third quarter of 2020. Likewise, the
phrase "period-to-period" means the nine months ended
Business Summary
We are a publicly tradedDelaware limited partnership, the common units of which are listed on theNew York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the ticker symbol "EPD." Our preferred units are not publicly traded. We were formed inApril 1998 to own and operate certain natural gas liquids ("NGLs") related businesses of EPCO and are a leading North American provider of midstream energy services to producers and consumers of natural gas, NGLs, crude oil, petrochemicals and refined products. We are owned by our limited partners (preferred and common unitholders) from an economic perspective. Enterprise GP, which owns a non-economic general partner interest in us, manages our Partnership. We conduct substantially all of our business operations through EPO and its consolidated subsidiaries. Our fully integrated, midstream energy asset network (or "value chain") links producers of natural gas, NGLs and crude oil from some of the largest supply basins inthe United States ("U.S."),Canada and theGulf of Mexico with domestic consumers and international markets. Our midstream energy operations include:
• natural gas gathering, treating, processing, transportation and storage;
• NGL transportation, fractionation, storage, and marine terminals (including
those used to export liquefied petroleum gases, or "LPG," and ethane);
• crude oil gathering, transportation, storage, and marine terminals;
• propylene production facilities (including propane dehydrogenation ("PDH")
facilities), butane isomerization, octane enhancement, isobutane dehydrogenation ("iBDH") and high purity isobutylene ("HPIB") production facilities;
• petrochemical and refined products transportation, storage, and marine
terminals (including those used to export ethylene and polymer grade propylene
("PGP")); and
• a marine transportation business that operates on key
intracoastal waterway systems.
The safe operation of our assets is a top priority. We are committed to protecting the environment and the health and safety of the public and those working on our behalf by conducting our business activities in a safe and environmentally responsible manner. For additional information, see "Environmental, Safety and Conservation" within the Regulatory Matters section of Part I, Items 1 and 2 of the 2020 Form 10-K. Like many publicly traded partnerships, we have no employees. All of our management, administrative and operating functions are performed by employees of EPCO pursuant to an administrative services agreement (the "ASA") or by other service providers. 42
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Our financial position, results of operations and cash flows are subject to certain risks. For information regarding such risks, see "Risk Factors" included under Part I, Item 1A of the 2020 Form 10-K.
We provide investors access to additional information regarding the Partnership and our consolidated businesses, including information relating to governance procedures and principles, through our website, www.enterpriseproducts.com.
Current Outlook
As noted previously under "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information" within this Part I, Item 2, this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, including this update to our outlook on business conditions, contains forward-looking statements that are based on our beliefs and those of Enterprise GP. In addition, it reflects assumptions made by us and information currently available to us, which includes forecast information published by third parties. All references toU.S. Energy Information Administration ("EIA") forecasts and expectations are derived from itsOctober 2021 Short-Term Energy Outlook ("October 2021 STEO"), which was published onOctober 13, 2021 . The forecasts and other forward-looking information cited in the following discussion remain subject to uncertainty since global mitigation efforts and medical developments related to COVID-19 continue to evolve. The outlook on business conditions in our 2020 Form 10-K addressed observations that production cuts within theOrganization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries ("OPEC") andRussia (collectively, the "OPEC+" group), along with market-driven cuts inU.S. , Brazilian and Canadian supplies, were providing much-needed support for international energy markets coping with the ongoing weakness in hydrocarbon demand attributable to the COVID-19 pandemic. We also discussed downstream demand beginning to recover from the lows of 2020, but remaining depressed due to the continued effects of the pandemic. Throughout the first half of 2021, we highlighted the positive impact that the widespread implementation of vaccination programs and the related easing of COVID-19 mobility restrictions have had on global hydrocarbon demand and stated our belief that energy fundamentals (and global economic conditions in general) remained highly dependent on the successful containment of COVID-19, especially its more contagious emerging variants (e.g., the "Delta" variant), through the distribution, acceptance and administration of proven vaccines and therapeutics for the disease. While we maintain our view that the successful containment of COVID-19 is crucial to sustained improvements in energy markets, we believe that production cuts are no longer necessary to support international energy markets and that global downstream demand, while stronger, has not fully recovered. The global economy, including theU.S. , experienced robust growth during 2021, mainly due to restocking inventories and efforts to satisfy consumer demand suppressed by the pandemic. According to the EIA,U.S. gross domestic product ("GDP") is forecast to increase 5.7% in 2021 and 4.5% in 2022, following a decline of 3.4% in 2020. During this time, we have observed a steady transition from near record levels of crude oil inventories in theU.S. to a more normalized level today asU.S. consumption has outpacedU.S. supply. We are now seeing temporary shortfalls in global natural gas and coal supplies as reports from some countries, particularly inEurope andAsia , have revealed a rationing of energy supplies and curtailments of industrial production. Some reports have referred to the current situation as an "energy crisis," which could become even more severe if the world experiences a colder than normal winter. We believe thatU.S. supply and demand have become more balanced, but anticipate a slight supply shortfall going into 2022. The EIA estimates thatU.S. production of petroleum and related liquids will average 18.6 MMBPD in 2021 and 20.0 MMBPD in 2022, whileU.S. demand for petroleum and related liquids will average 19.7 MMBPD in 2021 and 20.4 MMBPD in 2022. Throughout this period, prices have increased considerably as evidenced by the price of West Texas Intermediate ("WTI") crude oil atCushing, Oklahoma (as reported by theNew York Mercantile Exchange , or "NYMEX"). It reached six-year highs inOctober 2021 and averaged$71.54 per barrel inSeptember 2021 compared to$52.10 per barrel inJanuary 2021 and an average of$39.34 per barrel in 2020. The price of natural gas at Henry Hub,Louisiana (as reported by NYMEX) reached twelve-year highs inOctober 2021 and averaged$5.11 per MMBtu inSeptember 2021 compared to$2.65 per MMBtu inJanuary 2021 and an average of$2.13 per MMBtu in 2020. 43
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Significant uncertainty exists with respect to the capabilities and willingness of OPEC+ to increase production enough to alleviate high crude oil prices and whether hydrocarbon demand will remain resilient as prices continue to rise. Despite ongoing pressures faced by many producers in theU.S. to preserve cash, return capital to their investors and reduce crude oil and natural gas production activities altogether, potential cash flows from these high price levels may eventually become too attractive forU.S. energy investors to forego. The EIA forecastsU.S. crude oil production will increase from an average of 11.0 MMBPD in 2021 to 11.7 MMBPD in 2022; however, these levels still lag behind the record level of 12.3 MMBPD in 2019. AsU.S. production rises, we believe that our integrated, diversified and fee-based business will have additional opportunities to provide midstream services to our producers and customers.
Recent Developments
Enterprise and Chevron Explore
InSeptember 2021 , we andChevron U.S.A. Inc. ("Chevron") jointly announced a framework to study and evaluate opportunities forcarbon dioxide capture, utilization and storage from our respective business operations in theU.S. Midcontinent andGulf Coast . Projects resulting from this evaluation would seek to combine our extensive midstream pipeline and storage network withChevron's sub-surface expertise to create opportunities to capture, aggregate, transport and sequestercarbon dioxide in support of the evolving energy landscape. The initial phase of the study in which we will evaluate specific business opportunities is expected to last about six months.
Issuance of
InSeptember 2021 , EPO issued$1.0 billion principal amount of senior notes dueFebruary 2053 ("Senior Notes EEE"). Net proceeds from this offering will be used for general company purposes, including for growth capital investments, and the repayment of debt (including the repayment of a portion of our$750.0 million in principal amount of 3.50% Senior Notes VV and/or a portion of our$650.0 million in principal amount of 4.05% Senior Notes CC, in each case at their maturity inFebruary 2022 ).
Senior Notes EEE were issued at 99.170% of their principal amount and have a fixed rate of interest of 3.30% per year. The Partnership guaranteed these senior notes through an unconditional guarantee on an unsecured and unsubordinated basis.
Enterprise and Magellan Team Up With Intercontinental Exchange for New Houston Crude Oil Futures Contract
InJune 2021 , we, Magellan Midstream Partners, L.P ("Magellan") and Intercontinental Exchange, Inc. ("ICE") announced the establishment of a new futures contract for the physical delivery of crude oil in theHouston, Texas area in response to market interest for aHouston -based index with greater scale, flow assurance and price transparency. It will utilize the capabilities and global reach of ICE's industry-recognized, state-of-the-art trading platform and is due to be launched by ICE by early 2022, subject to regulatory approval. The quality specifications of the new futures contract will be consistent with WTI originating from thePermian Basin with common delivery options at either our ECHO terminal inHouston or Magellan'sEast Houston terminal. In support of this new futures contract, we and Magellan expect to discontinue provisions for delivery services under legacy futures contracts that are deliverable at each terminal once the new futures contract is finalized and receives regulatory approval.
Enterprise to Increase Its Use of Power from Renewable Resources
InMarch 2021 , we announced the execution of a power purchase agreement withEDF Renewables North America that will increase our use of electricity from solar power by 100 MWac/132 MWdc. We are committed to being a responsible steward of the environment, including using energy sustainably across our footprint. We estimate that by 2025, approximately 25% of our power will be from renewable resources. 44
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Selected Energy Commodity Price Data
The following table presents selected average index prices for natural gas and selected NGL and petrochemical products for the periods indicated:
Polymer Refinery
Natural Normal Natural
Grade Grade Processing
Gas, Ethane, Propane, Butane, Isobutane, Gasoline,
Propylene, Propylene, Gross Spread
$/MMBtu $/gallon $/gallon $/gallon $/gallon $/gallon
$/pound $/pound $/gallon
(1) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (3) (3) (4) 2020 by quarter: 1st Quarter$1.95 $0.14 $0.37 $0.57 $0.63 $0.93 $0.31 $0.18 $0.19 2nd Quarter$1.71 $0.19 $0.41 $0.43 $0.44 $0.41 $0.26 $0.11 $0.17 3rd Quarter$1.98 $0.22 $0.50 $0.58 $0.60 $0.80 $0.35 $0.17 $0.25 4th Quarter$2.67 $0.21 $0.57 $0.76 $0.68 $0.92 $0.41 $0.24 $0.22 2020 Averages$2.08 $0.19 $0.46 $0.59 $0.59 $0.77
2021 by quarter: 1st Quarter$2.71 $0.24 $0.89 $0.94 $0.93 $1.33 $0.73 $0.44 $0.38 2nd Quarter$2.83 $0.26 $0.87 $0.97 $0.98 $1.46 $0.67 $0.27 $0.41 3rd Quarter$4.02 $0.35 $1.16 $1.34 $1.34 $1.62 $0.82 $0.36 $0.51 2021 Averages$3.19 $0.28 $0.98 $1.09 $1.08 $1.47
(1) Natural gas prices are based on Henry-Hub Inside FERC commercial index prices
as reported by Platts, which is a division of S&P Global, Inc. (2) NGL prices for ethane, propane, normal butane, isobutane and natural gasoline
are based on Mont Belvieu Non-TET commercial index prices as reported by Oil
product as reported by IHS. Refinery grade propylene ("RGP") prices
represent weighted-average spot prices for such product as reported by IHS. (4) The "Indicative Gas Processing Gross Spread" represents our generic estimate
of the gross economic benefit from extracting NGLs from natural gas
production based on certain pricing assumptions. Specifically, it is the
amount by which the assumed economic value of a composite gallon of NGLs at
natural gas at Henry Hub,
does not consider the operating costs incurred by a natural gas processing
facility to extract the NGLs nor the transportation and fractionation costs
to deliver the NGLs to market. In addition, the actual gas processing spread
earned at each plant is further influenced by regional pricing and extraction
dynamics. The weighted-average indicative market price for NGLs was$0.84 per gallon in the third quarter of 2021 versus$0.41 per gallon in the third quarter of 2020. Likewise, the weighted-average indicative market price for NGLs was$0.70 per gallon during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2021 compared to$0.36 per gallon during the same period in 2020.
The following table presents selected average index prices for crude oil for the periods indicated:
WTI Midland Houston LLS Crude Oil, Crude Oil, Crude Oil Crude Oil, $/barrel $/barrel $/barrel $/barrel (1) (2) (2) (3) 2020 by quarter: 1st Quarter$46.17 $45.51 $47.81 $48.15 2nd Quarter$27.85 $28.22 $29.68 $30.12 3rd Quarter$40.93 $41.05 $41.77 $42.47 4th Quarter$42.66 $43.07 $43.63 $44.08 2020 Averages$39.40 $39.46 $40.72 $41.21 2021 by quarter: 1st Quarter$57.84 $59.00 $59.51 $59.99 2nd Quarter$66.07 $66.41 $66.90 $67.95 3rd Quarter$70.56 $70.74 $71.17 $71.51 2021 Averages$64.82 $65.38 $65.86 $66.48
(1) WTI prices are based on commercial index prices at
measured by the NYMEX.
(2)
reported by Argus. (3) Light Louisiana Sweet ("LLS") prices are based on commercial index prices as
reported by Platts. 45
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Table of Contents Fluctuations in our consolidated revenues and cost of sales amounts are explained in large part by changes in energy commodity prices. An increase in our consolidated marketing revenues due to higher energy commodity sales prices may not result in an increase in gross operating margin or cash available for distribution, since our consolidated cost of sales amounts would also be expected to increase due to comparable increases in the purchase prices of the underlying energy commodities. The same type of relationship would be true in the case of lower energy commodity sales prices and purchase costs. We attempt to mitigate commodity price exposure through our hedging activities and the use of fee-based arrangements. See Note 13 of the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included under Part I, Item 1 of this quarterly report and "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" under Part I, Item 3 of this quarterly report for information regarding our commodity hedging activities.
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