Kindred Biosciences, Inc. has initiated the pivotal efficacy study for tirnovetmab (KIND-016), a fully caninized, high-affinity monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin (IL)-31 for the treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs. Atopic dermatitis is the most common reason owners take their dog to the veterinarian, and is estimated to affect 10% - 15% of dogs worldwide1. The current market size is close to $900 million annually and growing. Other programs in development for atopic dermatitis include KIND-032, a fully caninized monoclonal antibody targeting IL-4R. A second pilot study to further assess dosing commenced in the third quarter of 2020.