ITEM 2.04 TRIGGERING EVENTS THAT ACCELERATE OR INCREASE A DIRECT FINANCIAL OBLIGATION OR AN OBLIGATION UNDER AN OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENT
OnJanuary 18, 2018 ,KBS Growth & Income REIT, Inc. (the "Company"), through an indirect wholly owned subsidiary (the "Commonwealth Borrower") entered into a loan agreement (the "Commonwealth Loan Agreement") secured by theCommonwealth Building inPortland, Oregon with theMetropolitan Life Insurance Company (the "Commonwealth Lender"), an unaffiliated lender, for borrowings of up to$51.4 million (the "CommonwealthBuilding Mortgage Loan "). OnDecember 20, 2022 , the Commonwealth Borrower defaulted on the CommonwealthBuilding Mortgage Loan as a result of a failure to pay the full amount of the outstanding debt service due on the loan. Given the reduced rent and occupancy by the building's tenants, operating income from theCommonwealth Building no longer covers debt service payments on the mortgage loan. As previously disclosed in the Company's periodic reports, downtownPortland , where theCommonwealth Building is located, is experiencing record high office vacancies due to the impact of the disruptions caused by protests and demonstrations and increased crime in the downtown area and the decreased demand for office space as employees continue to work from home, and it is uncertain when the market will recover.The Commonwealth Building is currently valued at less than the outstanding debt. Given the depressed office rental rates in downtownPortland and the continued social unrest and increased crime in downtownPortland , the Company does not anticipate any near-term recovery in value. The Commonwealth Borrower may relinquish ownership of the property to the Commonwealth Lender in a foreclosure transaction or other alternative to foreclosure in satisfaction of the mortgage. The outstanding amount of the CommonwealthBuilding Mortgage Loan is approximately$45.7 million , bearing interest at a floating rate of 180 basis points over one-month LIBOR (the "Interest Rate"), and is scheduled to mature inFebruary 2023 . AtSeptember 30, 2022 , the effective interest rate for the loan was 4.73%. The Commonwealth Loan Agreement contains an acceleration clause pursuant to which the Commonwealth Lender may, in the event of a default and without notice, declare the outstanding loan balance immediately due and payable. During the time the default exists, the Commonwealth Lender may charge default interest at a rate of the Interest Rate, plus 4.0%. The loan is non-recourse to the Company. As discussed below, this transaction is not expected to have an impact on the Company's net asset value as the Company's valuation of the assets of the Commonwealth Borrower related to theCommonwealth Building net of the estimated fair value of the loan and inclusive of other assets and liabilities, effectively net to zero for the purposes of inclusion in the Company's estimated value per share.
ITEM 8.01 OTHER EVENTS
Estimated Net Asset Value Per Share
OnDecember 15, 2022 , the board of directors of the Company approved an estimated net asset value ("NAV") per share of the Company's common stock of$1.16 based on the estimated value of the Company's assets less the estimated value of the Company's liabilities, or NAV, divided by the number of shares outstanding, all as ofSeptember 30, 2022 . There have been no other material changes betweenSeptember 30, 2022 and the date of this filing that would impact the overall estimated NAV per share. The Company is providing this estimated value per share (i) to assist the Company in calculating the range of estimated net proceeds from its proposed liquidation and dissolution (the "Plan of Liquidation") as discussed in the Company's preliminary proxy statement filed with theSecurities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), which proposed Plan of Liquidation will be submitted to the stockholders of the Company for their consideration along with the Company's definitive proxy statement upon its filing with theSEC and (ii) to assist broker-dealers that participated in the Company's now-terminated initial public offering in meeting their customer account statement reporting obligations underFinancial Industry Regulatory Authority ("FINRA") Rule 2231. This valuation was performed in accordance with the provisions of and also to comply with Practice Guideline 2013-01, Valuations of Publicly Registered, Non-Listed REITs, issued by theInstitute for Portfolio Alternatives (formerly known as theInvestment Program Association ) ("IPA") inApril 2013 (the "IPA Valuation Guidelines"). 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Company's conflicts committee, composed solely of all of the Company's independent directors, is responsible for the oversight of the valuation process used to determine the estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock, including the review and approval of the valuation and appraisal process and methodology used to determine the Company's estimated NAV per share, the consistency of the valuation and appraisal methodologies with real estate industry standards and practices, and the reasonableness of the assumptions used in the valuations and appraisals. With the approval of the Company's conflicts committee, the Company engagedKroll, LLC (f/k/a Duff & Phelps) ("Kroll"), an independent third-party real estate valuation firm, to provide a calculation of the range in estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock as ofSeptember 30, 2022 . Kroll based this range in estimated NAV per share upon (i) appraisals performed by Kroll of three of the four real estate properties owned by the Company as ofSeptember 30, 2022 (the "Appraised Properties "), (ii) a valuation performed byKBS Capital Advisors, LLC (the "Advisor"), the Company's external advisor, of the fourth real estate property owned by the Company as ofSeptember 30, 2022 , an office property located inPortland, Oregon (the "Commonwealth Building "), and (iii) valuations performed by the Advisor, with respect to the Company's cash, other assets, mortgage debt and other liabilities, which are disclosed in the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period endedSeptember 30, 2022 . The appraisal reports Kroll prepared summarized the key inputs and assumptions involved in the appraisal of each of theAppraised Properties . Kroll's valuation was designed to follow the prescribed methodologies of the IPA Valuation Guidelines. The methodologies and assumptions used to determine the estimated value of the Company's assets and the estimated value of the Company's liabilities are described further below. Upon the conflicts committee's receipt and review of Kroll's valuation report, which included the appraised value of each of theAppraised Properties as noted in the appraisal reports prepared by Kroll and a summary of the estimated value of theCommonwealth Building and each of the Company's other assets and liabilities, all as determined by the Advisor and reviewed by Kroll, and in light of other factors considered by the conflicts committee and the conflicts committee's own extensive knowledge of the Company's assets and liabilities, the conflicts committee: (i) concluded that the range in estimated NAV per share of$0.89 to$1.46 , with an approximate mid-range value of$1.16 per share, as indicated in Kroll's valuation report and recommended by the Advisor, which approximate mid-range value was based on Kroll's appraisals of theAppraised Properties and a valuation performed by the Advisor of theCommonwealth Building as well as the Company's cash, other assets, mortgage debt and other liabilities, was reasonable and (ii) recommended to the Company's board of directors that it adopt$1.16 as the estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock. The Company's board of directors unanimously agreed to accept the recommendation of the conflicts committee and approved$1.16 as the estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock, which determination is ultimately and solely the responsibility of the Company's board of directors. The table below sets forth the calculation of the Company's estimated NAV per share as ofDecember 15, 2022 as well as the calculation of the Company's prior estimated NAV per share as ofDecember 6, 2021 . Kroll was not responsible for establishing the estimated NAV per share as ofDecember 15, 2022 orDecember 6, 2021 , respectively. December 15, 2022 December 6, 2021 Change in Estimated Value Estimated Value Estimated Value per Share per Share (1) per Share Real estate properties (2) $ 10.95 $ 13.66 $ (2.71) Cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents (3) 0.69 0.80 (0.11) Other assets 0.05 0.09 (0.04) Mortgage debt (4) (9.28) (9.95) 0.67 Other liabilities (1.25) (1.22) (0.03) Estimated NAV per share $ 1.16 $ 3.38 $ (2.22) Estimated enterprise value premium None assumed None assumed None assumed Total estimated NAV per share $ 1.16 $ 3.38 $ (2.22) _____________________ (1) TheDecember 6, 2021 estimated value per share was based upon a calculation of the range in estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock as ofSeptember 30, 2021 by Kroll and the recommendation of the Advisor. Kroll based this range in estimated NAV per share upon appraisals of the Company's four real estate properties performed by Kroll, and valuations performed by the Advisor with respect to the Company's cash, other assets, mortgage debt and other liabilities. For more information relating to theDecember 6, 2021 estimated value per share and the assumptions and methodologies used by Kroll and the Advisor, see the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with theSEC onDecember 10, 2021 . (2) The decrease in the estimated value of real estate properties per share was primarily due to a decrease in the values of the real estate properties after taking into consideration capital expenditures incurred. The decrease in the values of the real estate properties is primarily due to (i) theCommonwealth Building being valued at less than its mortgage debt as the Company is projecting longer lease-up periods for the vacant office space as demand for office space inPortland has significantly declined as a result of both the impact of the disruptions caused by protests and demonstrations in the downtown area and the COVID-19 pandemic, with employees continuing to work from home, (ii) a property located inHouston, Texas where the COVID-19 pandemic added to an already slumping oil and gas industry, resulting in increased vacancy and expanding capitalization rates across the office marketplace, and (iii) a property located inChicago, Illinois where return to office has been slow, resulting in increased vacancy and expanding capitalization rates across the office marketplace.
(3) The decrease in the estimated value of cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents per share primarily relates to improvements to real estate properties.
(4) The decrease in the estimated value of mortgage debt per share was primarily due to the valuation of the CommonwealthBuilding Mortgage Loan which was based on the fair value of the real estate less estimated closing costs. 3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The decrease in the Company's estimated value per share from the previous estimate was primarily due to the items noted in the table below, which reflect the significant contributors to the decrease in the estimated value per share from$3.38 to$1.16 . The changes are not equal to the change in values of each asset and liability group presented in the table above due to changes in the amount of shares outstanding, capital expenditures and related financings and other factors, which caused the value of certain asset or liability groups to change with no impact to the Company's fair value of equity or the overall estimated value per share. Change in Estimated Value per Share December 6, 2021 estimated value per share $ 3.38 Changes to estimated value per share Real estate Real estate (2.73) Capital expenditures on real estate (0.29) Total change related to real estate (1) (3.02)
Modified operating cash flows in excess of distributions declared (2)
0.12 Notes payable (3) 0.66 Interest rate swaps 0.09 Deferral of asset management fee liability (0.17) Advisor advance forgiven (4) 0.13 Other changes, net (0.03) Total change in estimated value per share (2.22) December 15, 2022 estimated value per share $ 1.16 _____________________ (1) Decrease is primarily due to a decrease in values of real estate properties after taking into consideration capital expenditures incurred. The decrease in the values of the real estate properties was primarily due to (i) theCommonwealth Building being valued at less than its mortgage debt as the Company is projecting longer lease-up periods for the vacant office space as demand for office space inPortland has significantly declined as a result of both the COVID-19 pandemic, with employees continuing to work from home, and the impact of the disruptions caused by protests and demonstrations in the downtown area, (ii) a property located inHouston, Texas where the COVID-19 pandemic added to an already slumping oil and gas industry, resulting in increased vacancy and expanding capitalization rates across the office marketplace, and (iii) a property located inChicago, Illinois where return to office has been slow, resulting in increased vacancy and expanding capitalization rates across the office marketplace. (2) Modified operating cash flow reflects modified funds from operations ("MFFO") adjusted to add back the amortization of deferred financing costs and deferral of asset management fee. The Company computes MFFO in accordance with the definition included in the practice guideline issued by IPA inNovember 2010 .
(3) The change in the notes payable fair value includes a
(4) The Advisor has agreed to waive the advisor advance payable of
As with any valuation methodology, the methodologies used are based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. Different parties using different assumptions and estimates could derive a different estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock, and these differences could be significant. In particular, due in part to our relatively small asset base and the number of shares of our common stock outstanding, as well as the substantial amount of leverage in the Company as a result of decreased real estate values, even modest changes in key assumptions made in appraising our real estate properties could have a very significant impact on the estimated value of our shares. See the discussion under "Real Estate - Real Estate Valuation" below. The estimated NAV per share is not audited and does not represent the fair value of the Company's assets less the fair value of the Company's liabilities according toU.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), nor does it represent a liquidation value of the Company's assets and liabilities or the price at which the Company's shares of common stock would trade on a national securities exchange. The estimated NAV per share does not reflect a discount for the fact that the Company is externally managed, nor does it reflect a real estate portfolio premium/discount versus the sum of the individual property values. The estimated NAV per share also does not take into account estimated disposition costs and fees for real estate properties, debt prepayment penalties that could apply upon the prepayment of certain of the Company's debt obligations and the impact of restrictions on the assumption of debt and should not be considered a liquidation value of the Company's assets and liabilities. The Advisor has agreed to waive any disposition fees owed in connection with asset sales pursuant to the Plan of Liquidation. In addition, the Advisor has agreed to waive payment of its asset management fee as ofOctober 1, 2022 through liquidation. As ofSeptember 30, 2022 , the Company had no potentially dilutive securities outstanding that would impact the estimated NAV per share of its common stock. 4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TheDecember 15, 2022 estimated value per share does not represent a liquidation value of the Company's assets and liabilities. As discussed in the Company's preliminary proxy statement filed onDecember 20, 2022 with theSEC , the board of directors of the Company has determined that it is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to sell all of the Company's properties and assets and liquidate and dissolve the Company pursuant to the Plan of Liquidation. The Plan of Liquidation requires the affirmative vote of holders of shares of the Company's common stock entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the Plan of Liquidation proposal. If the Plan of Liquidation is approved by the stockholders, the Company estimates that its net proceeds from liquidation and, therefore, the amount of cash the stockholders would receive for each share of the Company's common stock they then hold, could range between approximately$0.59 and$1.16 per share. The difference between the estimated value per share and the range of estimated net proceeds from liquidation reflects the fact that the estimated value per share does not take into consideration: (i) expected third party closing costs related to future dispositions of real estate investments and (ii) estimated corporate costs and other expenses of the liquidation and dissolution of the Company not covered from the Company's cash flow from operations. Based on the estimated value per share as ofDecember 15, 2022 and the estimated costs and expenses of liquidating and dissolving the Company, including the amortization of the fair value discount on notes payable, if the stockholders approve the Plan of Liquidation, the Company estimates the range in net proceeds from liquidation to be follows: Low End of High End of Estimated Range Estimated Range Range in estimated value per share $ 0.89 $ 1.46 Estimated third party disposition costs per share (0.11) (0.11) Estimated other liquidation costs per share (0.08) (0.08) Amortization of fair value discount on notes payable (0.11) (0.11)
Range in estimated net proceeds from liquidation per share $ 0.59 $
1.16 There are many factors that may affect the actual net proceeds from liquidation and the amount of liquidating distributions per share, including, among other things, the ultimate sale price of each asset, changes in market demand for office properties during the liquidation process, the amount of taxes, transaction fees and expenses relating to the liquidation and dissolution, and unanticipated or contingent liabilities arising subsequent to the filing date of the Company's definitive proxy statement. In addition, the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, elevated market and economic volatility due to adverse economic and geopolitical conditions, such as the war inUkraine , concerns over persistent inflation, rising interest rates and slowing economic growth, could have material and adverse effects on our liquidating distributions. Further, due to the substantial amount of leverage in the Company as a result of decreased real estate values, the ultimate net proceeds from liquidation paid to stockholders may be significantly impacted by small changes in real estate values. No assurance can be given as to the amount of liquidating distributions the Company will ultimately pay to its stockholders. If the Company has underestimated its existing obligations and liabilities or if unanticipated or contingent liabilities arise, the amount of liquidating distributions ultimately distributed to its stockholders could be less than that set forth above. These estimates will be based upon market, economic, financial and other circumstances and conditions existing as of the date of the Company's definitive proxy statement, and any changes in such circumstances and conditions during the liquidation process could have a material effect on the ultimate amount of liquidating distributions the Company pays to its stockholders.
Methodology
The Company's goal for the valuation was to arrive at a reasonable and supportable estimated NAV per share, using a process that was designed to be in compliance with the IPA Valuation Guidelines and using what the Company and the Advisor deemed to be appropriate valuation methodologies and assumptions. The following is a summary of the valuation and appraisal methodologies, assumptions and estimates used to value the Company's assets and liabilities: 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Real Estate
Independent Valuation Firm
Kroll(1) was selected by the Advisor and approved by the Company's conflicts committee and board of directors to appraise each of theAppraised Properties and to provide a calculation of the range in estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock as ofDecember 15, 2022 . Kroll is engaged in the business of appraising commercial real estate properties and is not affiliated with the Company or the Advisor. The compensation the Company will pay to Kroll is based on the scope of work and not on the appraised values of theAppraised Properties . The appraisals were performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, or USPAP, the real estate appraisal industry standards created byThe Appraisal Foundation , as well as the requirements of the state where each real property is located. Each appraisal was reviewed, approved and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI (Member of theAppraisal Institute ). The use of the reports is subject to the requirements of theAppraisal Institute relating to review by its duly authorized representatives. Kroll collected all reasonably available material information that it deemed relevant in appraising theAppraised Properties . Kroll obtained property-level information from the Advisor, including (i) property historical and projected operating revenues and expenses; (ii) property lease agreements; and (iii) information regarding recent or planned capital expenditures. Kroll reviewed and relied in part on the property-level information provided by the Advisor and considered this information in light of its knowledge of each property's specific market conditions. In conducting its investigation and analyses, Kroll took into account customary and accepted financial and commercial procedures and considerations as it deemed relevant. Although Kroll reviewed information supplied or otherwise made available by the Company or the Advisor for reasonableness, it assumed and relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all such information and of all information supplied or otherwise made available to it by any other party and did not independently verify any such information. With respect to operating or financial forecasts and other information and data provided to or otherwise reviewed by or discussed with Kroll, Kroll assumed that such forecasts and other information and data were reasonably prepared in good faith on bases reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of the Company's management and/or the Advisor. Kroll relied on the Company to advise it promptly if any information previously provided became inaccurate or was required to be updated during the period of its review. In performing its analyses, Kroll made numerous other assumptions as of various points in time with respect to industry performance, general business, economic and regulatory conditions and other matters, many of which are beyond its and the Company's control, as well as certain factual matters. For example, unless specifically informed to the contrary, Kroll assumed that the Company had clear and marketable title to each of theAppraised Properties , that no title defects existed, that any improvements were made in accordance with law, that no hazardous materials were present or had been present previously, that no deed restrictions existed, and that no changes to zoning ordinances or regulations governing use, density or shape were pending or being considered. Furthermore, Kroll's analyses, opinions and conclusions were necessarily based upon market, economic, financial and other circumstances and conditions existing as of or prior to the date of the appraisals, and any material change in such circumstances and conditions (including future financial market disruptions related to the continuing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, elevated market and economic volatility due to adverse economic and geopolitical conditions, such as the war inUkraine , and concerns over persistent inflation, rising interest rates and slowing economic growth) may affect Kroll's analyses and conclusions. Kroll's appraisal reports contain other assumptions, qualifications and limitations that qualify the analyses, opinions and conclusions set forth therein. Furthermore, the prices at which theAppraised Properties may actually be sold could differ from their appraised values.
_____________________
(1) Kroll is actively engaged in the business of appraising commercial real estate properties similar to those owned by the Company in connection with public securities offerings, private placements, business combinations and similar transactions. The Company engaged Kroll to prepare appraisal reports for each of theAppraised Properties and to provide a calculation of the range in estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock and Kroll will receive fees upon the delivery of such reports and the calculation of the range in estimated NAV per share of the Company's common stock. In addition, the Company has agreed to indemnify Kroll against certain liabilities arising out of this engagement. In the two years prior to the date of this filing, Kroll and its affiliates have provided a number of commercial real estate, appraisal, valuation and financial advisory services for the Company's affiliates and have received fees in connection with such services. Kroll and its affiliates may from time to time in the future perform other commercial real estate, appraisal, valuation and financial advisory services for the Company and the Company's affiliates in transactions related to the properties that are the subjects of the appraisals, so long as such other services do not adversely affect the independence of the applicable Kroll appraiser as certified in the applicable appraisal report. 6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Although Kroll considered any comments to its appraisal reports received from the Company or the Advisor, the appraised values of theAppraised Properties were determined by Kroll. The appraisal reports for theAppraised Properties are . . .
© Edgar Online, source