INVESCO DB COMMODITY INDEX TRACKING FUND This information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Report"). This Report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. The matters discussed throughout this Report that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the Fund's and Invesco Capital Management LLC's (the "Managing Owner") current expectations, estimates and projections about the future results, performance, prospects and opportunities of the Fund and the Fund's business and industry and their beliefs and assumptions about future events and speak only as of the date on which they are made. Words such as "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "outlook" and "estimate," as well as similar words and phrases, signify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results. Conditions and important factors, risks and uncertainties in the markets for financial instruments that the Fund trades, in the markets for related physical commodities, in the legal and regulatory regimes applicable to the Managing Owner, the Fund, and the Fund's service providers, in the broader economy and in global politics may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed by such forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Except as expressly required by the Federal securities laws, the Fund and the Managing Owner undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements or the risks, uncertainties or other factors described in this Report, as a result of new information, future events or changed circumstances or for any other reason after the date of this Report.
Overview/Introduction
Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking Fund (the "Fund") was formed as aDelaware statutory trust onMay 23, 2005 . The term of the Fund is perpetual (unless terminated earlier in certain circumstances) as provided for in the Fifth Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust and Trust Agreement of the Fund, as amended (the "Trust Agreement"). The Fund has an unlimited number of shares authorized for issuance. Invesco Capital Management LLC ("Invesco") has served as the managing owner (the "Managing Owner"), commodity pool operator and commodity trading advisor of the Fund sinceFebruary 23, 2015 . The Managing Owner is registered with theCommodity Futures Trading Commission (the "CFTC") as a commodity pool operator and a commodity trading advisor, and it is a member firm of theNational Futures Association ("NFA"). The Fund seeks to track changes, whether positive or negative, in the level of the DBIQ Optimum Yield Diversified Commodity Index Excess ReturnTM (the "Index") over time, plus the excess, if any, of the sum of the Fund's interest income from its holdings of United States Treasury Obligations ("Treasury Income"), dividends from its holdings in money market mutual funds (affiliated or otherwise) ("Money Market Income") and dividends or distributions of capital gains from its holdings of T-Bill ETFs (as defined below) ("T-Bill ETF Income") over the expenses of the Fund. The Fund invests in futures contracts in an attempt to track its Index. The Index is intended to reflect the change in market value of the commodity sector. The commodities comprising the Index are Light Sweet Crude Oil, Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel (also commonly known as Heating Oil), Aluminum, Gold, Corn, Wheat, Brent Crude Oil, Copper Grade A, Natural Gas, RBOB Gasoline (reformulated gasoline blendstock for oxygen blending, or "RBOB"), Silver, Soybeans, Sugar and Zinc (each, an "Index Commodity," and collectively, the "Index Commodities "). The Fund may invest directly inUnited States Treasury Obligations. The Fund may also gain exposure to United States Treasury Obligations through investments in exchange-traded funds ("ETFs") (affiliated or otherwise) that track indexes that measure the performance of United States Treasury Obligations with a maximum remaining maturity of up to 12 months ("T-Bill ETFs"). The Fund holds as collateral United States Treasury Obligations, money market mutual funds and T-Bill ETFs (affiliated or otherwise), if any, for margin and/or cash management purposes. While the Fund's performance reflects the appreciation and depreciation of those holdings, the Fund's performance, whether positive or negative, is driven primarily by its strategy of trading futures contracts with the aim of seeking to track the Index. The Fund pursues its investment objective by investing in a portfolio of exchange-traded commodity futures contracts that expire in a specific month and trade on a specific exchange (the "Index Contracts") in theIndex Commodities . The notional amounts of each Index Commodity included in the Index are broadly in proportion to historic levels of the world's production and stocks of theIndex Commodities . The Fund also holds United States Treasury Obligations and T-Bill ETFs, if any, for deposit withMorgan Stanley & Co. LLC , the Fund's commodity broker (the "Commodity Broker") as margin, to the extent permissible under CFTC rules and United States Treasury Obligations, cash, money market mutual funds and T-Bill ETFs (affiliated or otherwise), if any, on deposit withThe Bank of New York Mellon (the "Custodian"), for cash management purposes. The aggregate notional value of the commodity futures contracts owned by the Fund is expected to approximate the aggregate net asset value ("NAV") of the Fund, as opposed to the aggregate Index value. The CFTC and certain futures exchanges impose position limits on futures contracts, including on Index Contracts. As the Fund approaches or reaches position limits with respect to an Index Commodity, the Fund may commence investing in Index Contracts that reference otherIndex Commodities . In those circumstances, the Fund may also trade in futures contracts based on commodities other thanIndex Commodities that the Managing Owner reasonably believes tend to exhibit trading prices that correlate with an Index Contract. 17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Managing Owner may determine to invest in other futures contracts if at any time it is impractical or inefficient to gain full or partial exposure to an Index Commodity through the use of Index Contracts. These other futures contracts may or may not be based on an Index Commodity. When they are not, the Managing Owner may seek to select futures contracts that it reasonably believes tend to exhibit trading prices that correlate with an Index Contract. The Shares are intended to provide investment results that generally correspond to the changes, positive or negative, in the levels of the Index over time. The value of the Shares is expected to fluctuate in relation to changes in the value of the Fund's portfolio. The market price of the Shares may not be identical to the NAV per Share, but these two valuations are expected to be very close.
Index Description
The Managing Owner pays
These fees constitute a portion of the routine operational, administrative and
other ordinary expenses which are paid out of the management fee paid to the
Managing Owner ("Management Fee") and are not charged to or reimbursed by the
Fund.
Neither the Managing Owner nor any affiliate of the Managing Owner has any
rights to influence the selection of the futures contracts underlying the Index.
The Managing Owner has entered into a license agreement with the Index Sponsor
to use the Index.
The Fund is not sponsored or endorsed by Deutsche Bank AG, Deutsche Bank
Securities, Inc. or any subsidiary or affiliate of Deutsche Bank AG or Deutsche
Bank Securities, Inc. (collectively, "Deutsche Bank "). The DBIQ Optimum Yield
Diversified Commodity Index Excess Return™ (the "Index") is the exclusive
property of Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. "DBIQ" and "Optimum Yield" are
service marks of Deutsche Bank AG and have been licensed for use for certain
purposes by Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc. Neither Deutsche Bank nor any other
party involved in, or related to, making or compiling the Index makes any
representation or warranty, express or implied, concerning the Index, the Fund
or the advisability of investing in securities generally. Neither Deutsche Bank
nor any other party involved in, or related to, making or compiling the Index
has any obligation to take the needs of the Managing Owner or its clients into
consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Index. Neither
Deutsche Bank nor any other party involved in, or related to, making or
compiling the Index is responsible for or has participated in the determination
of the timing of, prices at, quantities or valuation of the Fund. Neither
Deutsche Bank nor any other party involved in, or related to, making or
compiling the Index has any obligation or liability in connection with the
administration or trading of the Fund.
NEITHER DEUTSCHE BANK NOR ANY OTHER PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, MAKING OR
COMPILING THE INDEX, WARRANTS OR GUARANTEES THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS
OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY
ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. NEITHER DEUTSCHE BANK NOR ANY OTHER
PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, MAKING OR COMPILING THE INDEX, MAKES ANY
WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY INVESCO CAPITAL
MANAGEMENT LLC FROM THE USE OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NEITHER
DEUTSCHE BANK NOR ANY OTHER PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, MAKING OR
COMPILING THE INDEX, MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING
ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL DEUTSCHE BANK OR ANY OTHER PARTY
INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, MAKING OR COMPILING THE INDEX HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR
DIRECT, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES OR
LOSSES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED TO THE CONTRARY, THERE ARE NO THIRD PARTY
BENEFICIARIES OF ANY AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN DEUTSCHE BANK AND
INVESCO CAPITAL MANAGEMENT LLC.
No purchaser, seller or holder of the Shares of this Fund, or any other person
or entity, should use or refer to any Deutsche Bank trade name, trademark or
service mark to sponsor, endorse, market or promote this Fund without first
contacting Deutsche Bank to determine whether Deutsche Bank's permission is
required. Under no circumstances may any person or entity claim any affiliation
with Deutsche Bank without the written permission of Deutsche Bank.
The Index Sponsor may from time-to-time subcontract the provision of the calculation and other services described below to one or more third parties.
The Index is composed of notional amounts of each of the underlyingIndex Commodities . The notional amount of each Index Commodity included in the Index is intended to reflect the changes in market value of each such Index Commodity within the Index. The closing level of the Index is calculated on each business day by the Index Sponsor based on the closing price of the commodity futures contracts for each of theIndex Commodities and the notional amount of such Index Commodity. The Index is rebalanced annually in November to ensure that each of theIndex Commodities is weighted in the same proportion that suchIndex Commodities were weighted onSeptember 3, 1997 . The composition of the Index may be adjusted in the event that the Index Sponsor is not able to calculate the closing prices of theIndex Commodities . 18
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The following table reflects the Fund weights of each Index Commodity, or
related futures contracts, as applicable, as of
Index Commodity Fund Weight (%) Aluminum 4.53 % Brent Crude Oil 12.84 Copper Grade A 3.67 Corn 5.83 Gold 6.91 Light Sweet Crude Oil (WTI) 11.63 Natural Gas 6.33 RBOB Gasoline 12.46 Silver 1.66 Soybeans 5.40 Sugar 4.64 Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel 13.82 Wheat 5.90 Zinc 4.38 Closing Level as ofMarch 31, 2022 : 100.00 %
Please see http://www.invesco.com/ETFs with respect to the most recently available weighted composition of the Fund and the composition of the Index.
Market Risk
Trading in futures contracts involves the Fund entering into contractual commitments to purchase a particular commodity at a specified date and price. The market risk associated with the Fund's commitments to purchase commodities is limited to the gross or face amount of the contracts held. The Fund's exposure to market risk is also influenced by a number of factors including the volatility of interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, the liquidity of the markets in which the contracts are traded and the relationships among the contracts held. The inherent uncertainty of the Fund's trading as well as the development of drastic market occurrences could ultimately lead to a loss of all or substantially all of the investors' capital.
Credit Risk
When the Fund enters into futures contracts, the Fund is exposed to credit risk that the counterparty to the contract will not meet its obligations. The counterparty for futures contracts traded onUnited States and on most foreign futures exchanges is the clearing house associated with the particular exchange. In general, clearing houses are backed by their corporate members who may be required to share in the financial burden resulting from the nonperformance by one of their members and, as such, is designed to disperse and mitigate the credit risk posed by any other one member. In cases where the clearing house is not backed by the clearing members (i.e., some foreign exchanges), it may be backed by a consortium of banks or other financial institutions. There can be no assurance that any counterparty, clearing member or clearinghouse will meet its obligations to the Fund. The Commodity Broker, when acting as the Fund's futures commission merchant ("FCM") in accepting orders for the purchase or sale of domestic futures contracts, is required by CFTC regulations to separately account for and segregate as belonging to the Fund all assets of the Fund relating to domestic futures trading. The Commodity Broker is not allowed to commingle such assets with other assets of the Commodity Broker. In addition, CFTC regulations also require the Commodity Broker to hold in a secure account assets of the Fund related to foreign futures trading. While these legal requirements are designed to protect the customers of FCMs, a failure by the Commodity Broker to comply with those requirements would be likely to have a material adverse effect on the Fund in the event that the Commodity Broker became insolvent or suffered other financial distress. Liquidity The Fund's entire source of capital is derived from the Fund's offering of Shares to Authorized Participants. The Fund in turn allocates its net assets to commodity futures trading. A significant portion of the NAV is held inUnited States Treasury Obligations, which may be used as margin for the Fund's trading in commodity futures contracts and United States Treasury Obligations, money market mutual funds, cash and T-Bill ETFs, if any, which may be used for cash management purposes. The percentage that United States Treasury Obligations bear to the total net assets will vary from period to period as the market values of the Fund's commodity interests change. A portion of the Fund'sUnited States Treasury Obligations are held for deposit with the Commodity Broker to meet margin requirements. All remaining cash, money market mutual funds, T-Bill ETFs, if any, and United States Treasury Obligations are on deposit with the Custodian. Interest earned on the Fund's interest-bearing funds and dividends from the Fund's holdings of money market mutual funds are paid to the Fund. Any dividends or distributions of capital gains received from the Fund's holdings of T-Bill ETFs, if any, are paid to the Fund. 19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Fund's commodity futures contracts may be subject to periods of illiquidity because of market conditions, regulatory considerations or for other reasons. For example,U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges have regulations that limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices that may occur during a single business day. These limits are generally referred to as "daily price fluctuation limits" or "daily limits," and the maximum or minimum price of a contract on any given day as a result of these limits is referred to as a "limit price." Once a limit price has been reached in a particular contract, it is usually the case that no trades may be made at a different price than specified in the limit. The duration of limit prices generally varies. Limit prices may have the effect of precluding the Fund from trading in a particular contract or requiring the Fund to liquidate contracts at disadvantageous times or prices. Either of those outcomes could adversely affect the Fund's ability to pursue its investment objective. Because the Fund trades futures contracts, its capital is at risk due to changes in the value of futures contracts (market risk) or the inability of counterparties (including the Commodity Broker and/or exchange clearinghouses) to perform under the terms of the contracts (credit risk). On any business day, an Authorized Participant may place an order with the Transfer Agent to redeem one or more blocks of 100,000 Shares ("Creation Units"). Redemption orders must be placed by10:00 a.m., Eastern Time . The day on which the Managing Owner receives a valid redemption order is the redemption order date. The day on which a redemption order is settled is the redemption order settlement date. As provided below, the redemption order settlement date may occur up to two business days after the redemption order date. Redemption orders are irrevocable. The redemption procedures allow Authorized Participants to redeem Creation Units. Individual Shareholders may not redeem directly from the Fund. Instead, individual Shareholders may only redeem Shares in integral multiples of 100,000 and only through an Authorized Participant. Unless otherwise agreed to by the Managing Owner and the Authorized Participant as provided in the next sentence, by placing a redemption order, an Authorized Participant agrees to deliver the Creation Units to be redeemed through DTC's book-entry system to the Fund no later than the redemption order settlement date as of2:45 p.m., Eastern Time , on the business day immediately following the redemption order date. Upon submission of a redemption order, the Authorized Participant may request the Managing Owner to agree to a redemption order settlement date up to two business days after the redemption order date. By placing a redemption order, and prior to receipt of the redemption proceeds, an Authorized Participant's DTC account is charged the non-refundable transaction fee due for the redemption order. Redemption orders may be placed either (i) through the Continuous Net Settlement ("CNS") clearing processes of theNational Securities Clearing Corporation (the "NSCC") (the "CNS Clearing Process") or (ii) if outside the CNS Clearing Process, only through the facilities ofThe Depository Trust Company ("DTC" or the "Depository") (the "DTC Process"), or a successor depository, and only in exchange for cash. By placing a redemption order, and prior to receipt of the redemption proceeds, an Authorized Participant's DTC account is charged the non-refundable transaction fee due for the redemption order and such fee is not borne by the Fund. The Fund is unaware of any known trends or any known demands, commitments, events or uncertainties that will result in or that are reasonably likely to result in the registrant's liquidity increasing or decreasing in any material way. Capital Resources
The Fund does not have any material cash requirements as of the end of the latest fiscal period. The Fund is unaware of any known material trends, favorable or unfavorable, in the Fund's capital resources.
In the normal course of its business, the Fund is a party to financial
instruments with off-balance sheet risk. The term "off-balance sheet risk"
refers to an unrecorded potential liability that, even though it does not appear
on the balance sheet, may result in a future obligation or loss. The financial
instruments used by the Fund are commodity futures, the values of which are
based upon an underlying asset and generally represent future commitments which
have a reasonable possibility to be settled in cash or through physical
delivery. The financial instruments are traded on an exchange and are
standardized contracts.
The Fund has not utilized, nor does it expect to utilize in the future, special
purpose entities to facilitate off-balance sheet financing arrangements and has
no loan guarantee arrangements or off-balance sheet arrangements of any kind,
other than agreements entered into in the normal course of business noted above,
which may include indemnification provisions related to certain risks service
providers undertake in providing services to the Fund. While the Fund's exposure
under such indemnification provisions cannot be estimated, these general
business indemnifications are not expected to have a material impact on the
Fund's financial position. The Managing Owner expects the risk of loss relating
to indemnification to be remote.
The Fund has financial obligations to the Managing Owner and the Commodity
Broker under the Trust Agreement and its agreement with the Commodity Broker
(the "Commodity Broker Agreement"), respectively. Management Fee payments made
to the Managing Owner, pursuant to the Trust Agreement, are calculated as a
fixed percentage of the Fund's NAV. Commission payments to the Commodity Broker,
pursuant to the Commodity Broker Agreement, are on a contract-by-contract, or
round-turn, basis. As such, the Managing Owner cannot anticipate the number of
payments that will be required under these arrangements for future periods as
NAVs and trading activity will not be known until a future date. The Fund's
agreement with the Commodity Broker may be terminated by either party for
various reasons. All Management Fees and commission payments are paid to the
Managing Owner and the Commodity Broker, respectively.
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Cash Flows
A primary cash flow activity of the Fund is to raise capital from Authorized Participants through the issuance of Shares. This cash is used to invest inUnited States Treasury Obligations, money market mutual funds and T-Bill ETFs, if any, and to meet margin requirements as a result of the positions taken in futures contracts to match the fluctuations of the Index. As of the date of this Report, each ofBMO Capital Markets Corp. ,BNP Paribas Securities Corp. ,Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. ,Citadel Securities LLC ,Citigroup Global Markets Inc. ,Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC ,Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. ,Goldman Sachs & Co. ,Goldman Sachs Execution & Clearing LP ,Interactive Brokers LLC ,Jefferies LLC ,JP Morgan Securities Inc. ,Merrill Lynch Professional Clearing Corp. ,Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC ,Nomura Securities International Inc. ,RBC Capital Markets LLC ,SG Americas Securities LLC ,UBS Securities LLC ,Virtu Americas LLC andVirtu Financial Capital Markets LLC has executed a Participant Agreement and are the only Authorized Participants.
Operating Activities
Net cash flow provided by (used in) operating activities was$(609.7) million and$(386.9) million for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts primarily include net income (loss), net purchases and sales of money market mutual funds and net purchases and sales of United States Treasury Obligations and affiliated investments. The Fund invests inUnited States Treasury Obligations, money market mutual funds and T-Bill ETFs (affiliated or otherwise), if any, for margin and/or cash management purposes. While the Fund's performance reflects the appreciation and depreciation of those holdings, the Fund's performance, whether positive or negative, is driven primarily by its strategy of trading futures contracts with the aim of seeking to track the Index. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 ,$678.9 million was paid to purchase United States Treasury Obligations and$622.0 million was received from sales and maturing United States Treasury Obligations. During the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 ,$623.9 million was paid to purchase United States Treasury Obligations and$160.0 million was received from sales and maturing United States Treasury Obligations.$1,397.9 billion was received from sales of affiliated investments and$2,696.3 billion was paid to purchase affiliated investments during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 .$878.9 million was received from sales of affiliated investments and$966.1 million was paid to purchase affiliated investments during the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 . Unrealized appreciation/depreciation on United States Treasury Obligations, affiliated investments and futures contracts increased (decreased) net cash provided by (used in) operating activities by$(62.0) million and$(11.2) million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Financing Activities
The Fund's net cash flow provided by (used in) financing activities was$705.6 million and$379.4 million during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. This included$1,091.0 billion and$510.7 million from Shares purchased by Authorized Participants and$385.4 million and$131.3 million from Shares redeemed by Authorized Participants during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Results of Operations
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED
The following graphs illustrate the percentage changes in (i) the market price
of the Shares (as reflected by the line "Market"), (ii) the Fund's NAV (as
reflected by the line "NAV"), and (iii) the closing levels of the Index (as
reflected by the line "DBIQ Opt Yield Diversified Comm Index ER"). Whenever the
Treasury Income, Money Market Income and T-Bill ETF Income, if any, earned by
the Fund exceeds Fund expenses, the price of the Shares generally exceeds the
level of the Index primarily because the Share price reflects Treasury Income,
Money Market Income and T-Bill ETF Income from the Fund's collateral holdings
whereas the Index does not consider such income. There can be no assurances that
the price of the Shares or the Fund's NAV will exceed the Index levels.
No representation is being made that the Index will or is likely to achieve
closing levels consistent with or similar to those set forth herein. Similarly,
no representation is being made that the Fund will generate profits or losses
similar to the Fund's past performance or changes in the Index closing levels.
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COMPARISON OF MARKET, NAV AND DBIQ OPTIMUM YIELD DIVERSIFIED COMMODITY INDEX ER
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2022 AND 2021
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NEITHER THE PAST PERFORMANCE OF THE FUND NOR THE PRIOR INDEX LEVELS AND CHANGES,
POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE, SHOULD BE TAKEN AS AN INDICATION OF THE FUND'S FUTURE
PERFORMANCE.
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NEITHER THE PAST PERFORMANCE OF THE FUND NOR THE PRIOR INDEX LEVELS AND CHANGES,
POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE, SHOULD BE TAKEN AS AN INDICATION OF THE FUND'S FUTURE
PERFORMANCE.
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Performance Summary
This Report covers the three months ended
The Index is intended to reflect the change in market value of theIndex Commodities . In turn, the notional amounts of each Index Commodity are broadly in proportion to historic levels of the world's production and stocks of suchIndex Commodities . The DBIQ Optimum Yield Diversified Commodity Index Total Return ™, (the "DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™") consists of the Index plus 3-month United States Treasury Obligations returns. Past results of the Index and the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™ are not necessarily indicative of future changes, positive or negative. The section "Summary of the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™ and Underlying Index Commodity Returns for the Three Months EndedMarch 31, 2022 and 2021" below provides an overview of the changes in the closing levels of the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™ by disclosing the change in market value of each underlying component Index Commodity through a "surrogate" (and analogous) index that also reflects 3-month United States Treasury Obligations returns. Please note also that the Fund's objective is to track the Index (not the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™), and the Fund does not attempt to outperform or underperform the Index. The Index employs the optimum yield roll method with the objective of mitigating the negative effects of contango, the condition in which distant delivery prices for futures exceed spot prices, and maximizing the positive effects of backwardation, a condition opposite of contango.
Summary of the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™ and Underlying Index Commodity
Returns for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2021
AGGREGATE RETURNS FOR INDICES IN THE DBIQ-OY
DIVERSIFIED TR™
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Underlying Index 2022 2021
DB Aluminum Indices 24.39 % 10.79 %
DB Brent Crude Oil Indices 35.56 18.29
DB Copper Grade A Indices 7.03 13.14
DB Corn Indices 23.80 11.10
DB Gold Indices 6.49 (10.03 )
DB Light Crude Oil Indices 28.01 24.32
DB Natural Gas Indices 60.17 2.09
DB RBOB Gasoline Indices 26.27 25.90
DB Silver Indices 7.51 (7.32 )
DB Soybeans Indices 12.00 13.01
DB Sugar Indices 5.42 5.28
DB Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel Indices 41.89 18.95
DB Wheat Indices 31.17 (1.98 )
DB Zinc Indices 20.31 2.06
AGGREGATE RETURNS 26.11 % 13.17 %
If the Fund's Treasury Income, Money Market Income and T-Bill ETF Income were to
exceed the Fund's fees and expenses, the aggregate return on an investment in
the Fund would be expected to outperform the Index and underperform the DBIQ-OY
Diversified TR™. The only difference between (i) the Index (the "Excess Return
Index") and (ii) the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™ (the "Total Return Index") is that
the Excess Return Index does not include interest income from fixed income
securities while the Total Return Index does include such a component. Thus, the
difference between the Excess Return Index and the Total Return Index is
attributable entirely to the interest income attributable to the fixed income
securities reflected in the Total Return Index. The Total Return Index does not
actually hold any fixed income securities. If the Fund's Treasury Income, Money
Market Income and T-Bill ETF Income, if any, exceeds the Fund's fees and
expenses, then the amount of such excess is expected to be distributed
periodically. The market price of the Shares is expected to closely track the
Excess Return Index. The aggregate return on an investment in the Fund over any
period is the sum of the capital appreciation or depreciation of the Shares over
the period, plus the amount of any distributions during the period.
Consequently, the Fund's aggregate return is expected to outperform the Excess
Return Index by the amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund's Treasury Income,
Money Market Income and T-Bill ETF Income over its fees and expenses. As a
result of the Fund's fees and expenses, however, the aggregate return on the
Fund is expected to underperform the Total Return Index. If the Fund's fees and
expenses were to exceed the Fund's Treasury Income, Money Market Income and
T-Bill ETF Income, if any, the aggregate return on an investment in the Fund is
expected to underperform the Excess Return Index.
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FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED
Fund Share Price Performance For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , the NYSE Arca market value of each Share increased from$20.78 per Share to$26.08 per Share. The Share price low and high for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 and related change from the Share price onDecember 31, 2021 was as follows: Shares traded at a low of$20.89 per Share (+0.53%) onJanuary 3, 2022 , and a high of$28.02 per Share (+34.85%) onMarch 8, 2022 . The total return for the Fund on a market value basis was 25.50%. Commodities had an exceptionally strong start to 2022, with the Fund posting its largest quarterly gain since its inception. As the geopolitical crisis betweenRussia andUkraine unfolded, an already fundamentally tight commodities markets were further challenged, investors turned to the asset class for both geopolitical cover and inflation hedging purposes. Given both nations' key roles as commodities powerhouses, the ongoing military conflict and increasing isolation ofRussia , following western sanctions and self-sanctioning against the country, disrupted the flow of goods and sent prices across all commodity sectors to multi-year, and even historic highs. For the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , the NYSE Arca market value of each Share increased from$14.70 per Share to$16.61 per Share. The Share price low and high for the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 and related change from the Share price onDecember 31, 2020 was as follows: Shares traded at a low of$14.63 per Share (-0.48%) onJanuary 4, 2021 , and a high of$17.48 per Share (+18.92%) onMarch 11, 2021 . The total return for the Fund on a market value basis was 12.99%. Commodities started off 2021 with positive performance as growing vaccine optimism and easing lockdown restrictions globally signaled the start of demand recovery. While energy commodities drove the bulk of the returns, performance was positive across the board, with the exception of precious metals, as the ongoing global economic recovery reduced demand for safe havens like gold. Phase one of theU.S. China trade deal and growing greenification efforts, especially following Biden's presidential victory, also respectively provided support for agricultural commodities and industrial metals.
Fund Share Net Asset Performance
For the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , the NAV of each Share increased from$20.72 per Share to$26.06 per Share. Rising commodity futures contracts prices for Aluminum, Brent Crude Oil, Copper Grade A, Corn, Gold, Light Crude Oil, Natural Gas, RBOB Gasoline, Silver, Soybeans, Sugar, Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel, Wheat and Zinc during the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 , contributed to an overall 26.02% increase in the level of the Index and to a 26.11% increase in the level of the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™. The total return for the Fund on a NAV basis was 25.77%. Net income (loss) for the three months endedMarch 31, 2022 was$764.2 million , primarily resulting from$0.9 million of income, net realized gain (loss) of$121.2 million , net change in unrealized gain (loss) of$649.4 million and net operating expenses of$7.3 million . For the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , the NAV of each Share increased from$14.66 per Share to$16.56 per Share. Rising commodity futures contracts prices for Aluminum, Brent Crude Oil, Copper Grade A, Corn, Light Crude Oil, Natural Gas, RBOB Gasoline, Soybeans, Sugar, Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel and Zinc were partially offset by falling commodity futures contracts prices for Gold, Silver and Wheat during the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 , contributing to an overall 13.16% increase in the level of the Index and to a 13.17% increase in the level of the DBIQ-OY Diversified TR™. The total return for the Fund on a NAV basis was 12.96%. Net income (loss) for the three months endedMarch 31, 2021 was$175.1 million , primarily resulting from$0.2 million of income, net realized gain (loss) of$68.2 million , net change in unrealized gain (loss) of$110.1 million and net operating expenses of$3.4 million .
Critical Accounting Estimates
The financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance withU.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements relies on estimates and assumptions that impact the Fund's financial position and results of operations. These estimates and assumptions affect the Fund's application of accounting policies. In addition, please refer to Note 2 to the financial statements of theFund for further discussion of the Fund's accounting policies and Item 7 - Management's Discussions and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Estimates on Form 10-K for the year endedDecember 31, 2021 .
There were no material estimates, which involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and had or are reasonably likely to have had a material impact on the Fund's financial condition, used in the preparation of these financial statements.
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