By Most Filipinos are typically concerned about statistics that provide a picture about prices, jobs, and income. National statistical systems across the world actually produce a number of measures to estimate socio economic development in a country: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Gross National Income (GNI), Human Development Index, real per capita income, the proportion of the population that is poor, the percentage of primary school age children who are in school, infant mortality rate, among others.
The GDP and GNI are two statistical aggregates released by the National Statistical Coordination Board, to give information about the size of the Philippine economy and how the economy is performing. In particular, the GDP and GNI give us information on whether the total economic output of goods and services is growing or shrinking, and thus help gauge the general health of the economy. In broad terms, an increase in GDP or GNI is interpreted as a sign that the economy is doing well. Consequently, some analysts suggest that the changes in GDP mirror how Philippine presidents and their economic managers manage our economy. Of course, other analysts would think that this may be far too simplistic given that the starting conditions and other factors, including the external environment, were not the same across the periods of these Presidents. Be that as it may, it may still be of interest to examine how GDP and GNI fared during the reigns of the different presidents of the Fifth Republic (1986 to the present) but with the caveat that one cannot fully attribute GDP performance to a President nor his/her economic team. For reference, we list the presidents of the Fifth Republic and their respective service duration:
- Corazon "Cory" C. Aquino - February 25, 1986 to June 30, 1992
- Fidel "Eddie" V. Ramos - June 30, 1992 to June 30, 1998
- Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada - June 30, 1998 to January 20, 2001
- Gloria "GMA" M. Arroyo - January 20, 2001 to June 30, 2004 and July 1, 2004 to June 30, 2010
- Benigno "PNoy" S. Aquino III - June 30, 2010 to present
Let us not forget that the term of President Erap was abruptly interrupted, and his then Vice President continued his term, and that the term of Pnoy is still on going. If we focus on the three Presidents that completed their terms of office, viz., Cory, Eddie, and GMA, we would observe that the domestic economy performed best during the time of President GMA. The GDP average annualized growth rate (AAGR) hit 4.1 percent mainly driven by the Services sector. The highest GDP annual growth rate was recorded in 2004 with 6.7 percent while the lowest was posted in 2009 with 1.1 percent. Services had an AAGR of 4.9 percent. Services sector hit a high of 8.3 percent in 2004 while the lowest was only 3.4 percent registered in 2009. Industry contributed an AAGR of 3.3 percent. The highest growth rate was posted in 2007 with 5.8 percent and the lowest was a contraction by 1.9 percent registered in 2009. Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing posted an AAGR of 2.8 percent. The highest growth rate was 4.7 percent posted in 2007 while the lowest was a contraction by 0.7 percent in 2009 (Tables , )
Given the political environment then, the domestic economy during President Cory's term registered only an AAGR of 2.8 percent with the Services sector contributing an AAGR of 3.5 percent, Industry, 2.6 percent and AHFF, 1.5 percent. The highest GDP growth rate during Cory's time was recorded in 1988 at 6.8 percent while the lowest was negative 0.6 posted in 1991. The highest growth rate recorded by the Services sectors was 6.9 percent in 1988 while the lowest was 0.2 percent in 1991. Industry's peak was in 1988 at 8.4 percent while the ebb was negative 2.6 percent. AHFF on the hand had a recorded high of only 3.7 percent in 1986 and the lowest at 0.2 percent in 1990 (Tables ).
Since the Erap presidency was short lived and PNoy is only in his 10th quarter of service as the country's chief executive, it may be interesting to look at the performance of the economy in their first eight quarters of service of each president of the Fifth Republic () to see who of them is the fairest of them all .
- Among the Presidents of the Fifth Republic, PNoy got the highest GDP growth rate in his first year of presidency with 5.4 percent while Erap got the lowestwith 0.1 percent. One may want to remember that Erap's first year as President was in the aftermath of the effects of the Asian Financial Crisis.
- PNoy also got the highest GDP growth rate in his second year of service with 4.9 percent, while Eddie got the lowest with 3.4 percent.
- With regard to our two lady presidents who catapulted to power via popular uprisings, the domestic economy of Cory and GMA both accelerated in their second year with 4.3 percent from 3.4 percent and 3.6 percent from 2.9 percent, respectively.
When we compare the economic performance of the specific major sectors of the economy, we observe that:
PNoy got the highest growth rates for the Services sector in his first year with 5.8 percent and accelerated to 6.7 percent in his second year. He was followed by his mom with 4.2 percent and 5.1 percent, respectively. Eddie got the lowest with 1.6 percent in his first year and 3.4 percent in his second year, respectively.
PNoy topped the industry sector in his first year of service with 5.3 percent while Erap's industry growth rate contracted by 4.5 percent. In the second year, Eddie was at the top with 4.3 percent while GMA was the tail ender with 2.9 percent.
PNoy got the highest growth rate for Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing (AHFF) in his first year with 3.7 percent while Erap got only 1.6 percent growth rate. In their second year, Erap rebounded with 5.6 percent while PNoy got only a measly growth of 0.1 percent.
In their nine quarters of service, the annualized rate of GDP for PNoy was 4.5 percent, the highest among the presidents, Eddie got the lowest with 3.4 percent; in AHFF, Erap tallied highest with 6.9 percent while Cory got the lowest with 1.1 percent; for Industry, Cory got the highest rate with 4.0 percent while GMA got the lowest rate with 2.5 percent; and, for the Services sector, PNoy got the highest with 5.4 percent while Eddie got the lowest with 3.3 percent ().
In the estimation of the GDP and GNI, the NSCB adopts international guidelines, the most important of which is the United Nations (UN) System of National Accounts 2008 (2008 SNA). On the basis of these internationally accepted standards, the NSCB, after thorough deliberation of its Technical Staff, releases the GDP and GNI figures, including growth rates based on data compiled from various sources, not on theories and expectations or speculations of what the growth rate should be and definitely not based on what politicians want the GDP growth rates to be. Official statistics must be credible, and must remain independent from political interference. Official statisticians should always strive to be relevant to the needs of our stakeholders, and we must live by the UN Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics (http://www.nscb.gov.ph/pss/UNFPOS/fpos.asp).
Having participated in two deliberations of the national accounts since my appointment to my current position as NSCB Secretary General, I look with pride at the current NSCB staff who work overtime up to unholy hours, including weekends, (even without overtime pay) just to meet our calendar of release. But as we strive to meet our mandate, I am also getting more and more concerned that fifteen years ago, there were 50 NSCB Technical Staff estimating the annual and quarterly national income accounts, and now, the number of NSCB staff doing these accounts has dropped to 15. Other major statistical agencies, such as the National Statistics Office (NSO) and the Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS), have also experienced a significant reduction in their respective staff complement, by at least a fifth of their total human resources in 2004.
One of the reasons for the dwindling number of statisticians in public service is attributed to the government-wide rationalization initiative initiated under Executive Order No. 366 that pegged institutions to the number of filled plantilla positions in 2004. Another reason is the substantially higher compensation package offered by other institutions that government statistical agencies cannot match. The retirement of employees, prevailing restrictions on hiring of new staff, and the rather limited supply of graduates of statistics programs have all contributed to the dwindling number of government statisticians. If statistics are relevant to government and the public, in general, for examining where we are and where we have been, there ought to be a serious attempt to provide the requisite human resources we need in generating statistics, so that the PSS can continue to come up with official statistics effectively.
_______________________
Reactions and views are welcome thru email to the author at jrg.albert@nscb.gov.ph
1Secretary General of the National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB). The NSCB, a statistical agency functionally attached to the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA), is the highest policy making and coordinating body on statistical matters in the Philippines. Immediately prior to his appointment at NSCB, Dr. Albert was a Senior Research Fellow at the Philippine Institute for Development Studies, a policy think tank attached to NEDA. Dr. Albert finished summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Science degree in Applied Mathematics from the De La Salle University in 1988. He completed a Master of Science in Statistics from the State University of New York at Stony Brook in 1989 and a Ph.D. in Statistics from the same university in 1993. He is an Adjunct Faculty at the Asian Institute of Management. He is also a past President of the Philippine Statistical Association, a Fellow of the Social Weather Stations, and an Elected Regular Member of the National Research Council of the Philippines.
This article was co-written by Raymundo J. Talento, Edward Eugenio P. Lopez-Dee and Corazon O. Peña, Director, Statistical Coordination Officer (SCO) VI, and SCO III, respectively of the NSCB. In our effort to reach out and explain the statistics to the masses, this article was translated in Filipino by Ruben V. Litan, SCO IV of NSCB. The authors thank Candido J. Astrologo, Jr., Jessamyn O. Encarnacion, Mai Lin C. Villaruel, Genesis G. Cuizon, Simonette A. Nisperos, and Mr. Sonny U. Gutierrez; Director IV, Director III, SCO III, SCO I, ISA II and ISR II, respectively, for the assistance in the preparation of the article. The views expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NSCB and its Technical Staff.
2 The First Philippine Republic or the Malolos Republic was during the time of the Philippine Revolution; the Second Republic or the Japanese-sponsored Philippine Republic was during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines; Third Republic was from 1946 to 1975; and, the Fourth Republic, 1981 to 1986.
Cory's Term
Table 1. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Annual, 1985 to 1992, Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 366,396 | 379,782 | 391,472 | 403,023 | 414,003 | 414,802 | 420,899 | 422,379 |
| Industry Sector | 768,576 | 786,073 | 816,479 | 885,375 | 948,084 | 969,542 | 944,554 | 939,138 |
| Service Sector | 1,007,594 | 1,049,917 | 1,103,358 | 1,178,983 | 1,258,403 | 1,315,730 | 1,319,005 | 1,332,003 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2,142,566 | 2,215,773 | 2,311,309 | 2,467,381 | 2,620,490 | 2,700,073 | 2,684,458 | 2,693,521 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 1,936,640 | 2,015,122 | 2,150,071 | 2,322,896 | 2,467,296 | 2,662,210 | 2,721,666 | 2,818,908 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 2. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Annual, 1986 - 1992 Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 85-86 | 86-87 | 87-88 | 88-89 | 89-90 | 90-91 | 91-92 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 0.4 |
| Industry Sector | 2.3 | 3.9 | 8.4 | 7.1 | 2.3 | -2.6 | -0.6 |
| Service Sector | 4.2 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 4.6 | 0.2 | 1.0 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 3.4 | 4.3 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 3.0 | -0.6 | 0.3 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 4.1 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 2.2 | 3.6 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 3. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Quarterly, Q1 1985 to Q4 1988, at Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | ||||||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 92,972 | 99,290 | 68,306 | 105,828 | 94,508 | 102,431 | 73,612 | 109,231 | 96,743 | 106,959 | 76,361 | 111,409 | 96,908 | 101,046 | 87,126 | 117,943 |
| Industry Sector | 191,912 | 199,432 | 182,090 | 195,142 | 188,719 | 204,098 | 195,102 | 198,155 | 187,615 | 206,473 | 218,163 | 204,229 | 206,041 | 209,307 | 219,362 | 250,665 |
| Service Sector | 239,590 | 254,371 | 237,018 | 276,615 | 240,895 | 261,820 | 256,143 | 291,059 | 255,960 | 275,493 | 265,718 | 306,186 | 269,577 | 292,423 | 286,870 | 330,113 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 524,474 | 553,094 | 487,414 | 577,585 | 524,122 | 568,350 | 524,856 | 598,445 | 540,318 | 588,925 | 560,242 | 621,823 | 572,527 | 602,776 | 593,358 | 698,721 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 458,886 | 514,627 | 423,054 | 540,074 | 474,259 | 513,221 | 475,627 | 552,015 | 490,344 | 533,002 | 539,926 | 586,799 | 541,751 | 560,967 | 565,079 | 655,099 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 4. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, First Quarter 1986 to Fourth Quarter 1988
Unit: In Percent
| INDUSTRY | 1985-1986 | 1986-1987 | 1987-1988 | |||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| 1. Agri., Hunting, Forestry and Fishing | 1.7 | 3.2 | 7.8 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 2.0 | 0.2 | -5.5 | 14.1 | 5.9 |
| 2. Industry Sector | -1.7 | 2.3 | 7.1 | 1.5 | -0.6 | 1.2 | 11.8 | 3.1 | 9.8 | 1.4 | 0.5 | 22.7 |
| 3. Service Sector | 0.5 | 2.9 | 8.1 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 6.1 | 8.0 | 7.8 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | -0.1 | 2.8 | 7.7 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 6.7 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 2.4 | 5.9 | 12.4 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 3.4 | -0.3 | 12.4 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 13.5 | 6.3 | 10.5 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 11.6 |
Eddie's Term
Table 5. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 420,899 | 422,379 | 431,280 | 441,958 | 444,454 | 460,680 | 474,230 | 441,167 |
| Industry Sector | 944,554 | 939,138 | 954,407 | 1,008,306 | 1,073,061 | 1,140,257 | 1,208,518 | 1,175,381 |
| Service Sector | 1,319,005 | 1,332,003 | 1,364,836 | 1,420,943 | 1,488,026 | 1,580,304 | 1,663,452 | 1,710,354 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2,684,458 | 2,693,521 | 2,750,524 | 2,871,206 | 3,005,541 | 3,181,241 | 3,346,200 | 3,326,902 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 2,721,666 | 2,818,908 | 2,924,919 | 3,070,216 | 3,230,052 | 3,534,653 | 3,723,794 | 3,794,839 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 6. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 91-92 | 92-93 | 93-94 | 94-95 | 95-96 | 96-97 | 97-98 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 0.4 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | -7.0 |
| Industry Sector | -0.6 | 1.6 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.0 | -2.7 |
| Service Sector | 1.0 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 2.8 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 0.3 | 2.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 5.2 | -0.6 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 3.6 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 9.4 | 5.4 | 1.9 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 7. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Quarterly, Q3 1991 to Q4 1994,Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | ||||||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 106,981 | 98,354 | 85,199 | 130,364 | 108,277 | 95,532 | 83,734 | 134,836 | 113,679 | 98,214 | 82,269 | 137,118 | 112,412 | 103,996 | 90,685 | 134,865 |
| Industry Sector | 221,634 | 224,369 | 232,132 | 266,418 | 230,571 | 223,204 | 234,390 | 250,973 | 223,175 | 229,152 | 243,688 | 258,392 | 236,704 | 239,487 | 253,703 | 278,411 |
| Service Sector | 311,161 | 326,626 | 319,018 | 362,201 | 315,094 | 328,916 | 320,604 | 367,389 | 321,411 | 336,695 | 329,848 | 376,882 | 333,168 | 351,390 | 344,730 | 391,655 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 639,777 | 649,349 | 636,349 | 758,983 | 653,942 | 647,652 | 638,728 | 753,199 | 658,266 | 664,062 | 655,804 | 772,392 | 682,285 | 694,873 | 689,118 | 804,930 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 644,790 | 652,661 | 634,295 | 789,920 | 683,933 | 663,609 | 680,940 | 790,427 | 697,689 | 713,502 | 694,825 | 818,903 | 724,950 | 744,384 | 741,388 | 859,495 |
Table 8.GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 1991-1992 | 1992-1993 | 1993-1994 | |||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 1.2 | -2.9 | -1.7 | 3.4 | 5.0 | 2.8 | -1.8 | 1.7 | -1.1 | 5.9 | 10.2 | -1.6 |
| Industry Sector | 4.0 | -0.5 | 1.0 | -5.8 | -3.2 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 7.7 |
| Service Sector | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 3.9 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2.2 | -0.3 | 0.4 | -0.8 | 0.7 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 4.2 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 6.1 | 1.7 | 7.4 | 0.1 | 2.0 | 7.5 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 6.7 | 5.0 |
Erap's Term
Table 9. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 474,230 | 441,167 | 483,739 | 500,111 | 517,332 |
| Industry Sector | 1,208,518 | 1,175,381 | 1,157,967 | 1,233,773 | 1,245,634 |
| Service Sector | 1,663,452 | 1,710,354 | 1,787,728 | 1,846,830 | 1,921,373 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 3,346,200 | 3,326,902 | 3,429,434 | 3,580,714 | 3,684,340 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 3,723,794 | 3,794,839 | 3,897,391 | 4,196,876 | 4,348,316 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 10. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 97-98 | 98-99 | 99-00 | 00-01 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | -7.0 | 9.6 | 3.4 | 3.4 |
| Industry Sector | -2.7 | -1.5 | 6.5 | 1.0 |
| Service Sector | 2.8 | 4.5 | 3.3 | 4.0 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | -0.6 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 2.9 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 1.9 | 2.7 | 7.7 | 3.6 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 11. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | ||||||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| 1. Agri., Hunting, Forestry and Fishing | 120,633 | 114,369 | 98,235 | 140,993 | 115,315 | 99,102 | 96,991 | 129,759 | 122,583 | 111,766 | 105,586 | 143,804 | 122,078 | 115,438 | 112,668 | 149,926 |
| 2. Industry Sector | 279,448 | 291,976 | 308,179 | 328,915 | 283,961 | 284,649 | 298,942 | 307,829 | 266,785 | 278,395 | 299,789 | 312,999 | 287,262 | 294,268 | 322,165 | 330,078 |
| 3. Service Sector | 390,260 | 412,799 | 405,279 | 455,114 | 405,620 | 428,474 | 417,584 | 458,676 | 419,868 | 447,488 | 437,365 | 483,007 | 433,096 | 464,962 | 454,303 | 494,470 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 790,341 | 819,144 | 811,693 | 925,022 | 804,896 | 812,225 | 813,517 | 896,264 | 809,236 | 837,649 | 842,740 | 939,809 | 842,436 | 874,668 | 889,137 | 974,474 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 887,128 | 910,847 | 914,228 | 1,011,591 | 922,351 | 925,027 | 935,131 | 1,012,330 | 929,746 | 954,156 | 956,518 | 1,056,971 | 992,764 | 1,021,379 | 1,037,645 | 1,145,089 |
Table 12. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 1997-1998 | 1998-1999 | 1999-2000 | |||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| 1. Agri., Hunting, Forestry and Fishing | -4.4 | -13.3 | -1.3 | -8.0 | 6.3 | 12.8 | 8.9 | 10.8 | -0.4 | 3.3 | 6.7 | 4.3 |
| 2. Industry Sector | 1.6 | -2.5 | -3.0 | -6.4 | -6.0 | -2.2 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 7.7 | 5.7 | 7.5 | 5.5 |
| 3. Service Sector | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 2.4 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 1.8 | -0.8 | 0.2 | -3.1 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 3.7 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 4.0 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 4.4 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 8.3 |
GMA's Term
Table 13. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 500,111 | 517,332 | 534,509 | 559,470 | 583,629 | 596,727 | 618,457 | 647,687 | 668,550 | 663,744 | 662,665 |
| Industry Sector | 1,233,773 | 1,245,634 | 1,281,634 | 1,336,430 | 1,406,338 | 1,465,272 | 1,532,814 | 1,621,226 | 1,699,171 | 1,666,601 | 1,859,515 |
| Service Sector | 1,846,830 | 1,921,373 | 2,002,525 | 2,112,569 | 2,286,974 | 2,419,280 | 2,564,959 | 2,759,375 | 2,869,379 | 2,966,895 | 3,179,358 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 3,580,714 | 3,684,340 | 3,818,667 | 4,008,469 | 4,276,941 | 4,481,279 | 4,716,231 | 5,028,288 | 5,237,101 | 5,297,240 | 5,701,539 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 4,196,876 | 4,348,316 | 4,528,637 | 4,912,632 | 5,262,348 | 5,629,924 | 5,911,313 | 6,276,013 | 6,590,009 | 6,988,767 | 7,561,386 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 14. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 00-01 | 01-02 | 02-03 | 03-04 | 04-05 | 05-06 | 06-07 | 07-08 | 08-09 | 09-10 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 3.4 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 3.2 | -0.7 | -0.2 |
| Industry Sector | 1.0 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 4.8 | -1.9 | 11.6 |
| Service Sector | 4.0 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 8.3 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 7.2 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2.9 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 4.2 | 1.1 | 7.6 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 3.6 | 4.1 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 6.1 | 8.2 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 15. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| 1. Agri., Hunting, Forestry and Fishing | 122,078 | 115,438 | 112,668 | 149,926 | 125,469 | 119,706 | 115,958 | 156,199 | 132,941 | 120,290 | 116,468 | 164,809 | 138,439 | 122,227 | 123,940 | 174,864 |
| 2. Industry Sector | 287,262 | 294,268 | 322,165 | 330,078 | 286,334 | 301,598 | 324,625 | 333,077 | 289,699 | 316,712 | 330,335 | 344,888 | 302,858 | 331,068 | 345,892 | 356,612 |
| 3. Service Sector | 433,096 | 464,962 | 454,303 | 494,470 | 451,456 | 479,652 | 472,455 | 517,810 | 468,052 | 499,707 | 490,588 | 544,177 | 491,897 | 528,482 | 517,031 | 575,159 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 842,436 | 874,668 | 889,137 | 974,474 | 863,259 | 900,956 | 913,039 | 1,007,086 | 890,693 | 936,709 | 937,391 | 1,053,874 | 933,194 | 981,777 | 986,863 | 1,106,635 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 992,764 | 1,021,379 | 1,037,645 | 1,145,089 | 1,023,355 | 1,078,398 | 1,081,052 | 1,165,511 | 1,073,807 | 1,108,159 | 1,104,117 | 1,242,554 | 1,158,608 | 1,209,392 | 1,211,305 | 1,333,327 |
Table 16. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 2000-2001 | 2001-2002 | 2002-2003 | |||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
| 1. Agri., Hunting, Forestry and Fishing | 2.8 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 6.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 5.5 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 6.4 | 6.1 |
| 2. Industry Sector | -0.3 | 2.5 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 5.0 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 3.4 |
| 3. Service Sector | 4.2 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.7 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.0 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 3.1 | 5.6 | 4.2 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 7.3 |
PNoy's Term
Table 17. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| INDUSTRY | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 663,744 | 662,665 | 680,445 |
| Industry Sector | 1,666,601 | 1,859,515 | 1,901,401 |
| Service Sector | 2,966,895 | 3,179,358 | 3,342,564 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 5,297,240 | 5,701,539 | 5,924,409 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 6,988,767 | 7,561,386 | 7,803,016 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 18. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | 09-10 | 10-11 |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | -0.2 | 2.7 |
| Industry Sector | 11.6 | 2.3 |
| Service Sector | 7.2 | 5.1 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 7.6 | 3.9 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 8.2 | 3.2 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 19. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Constant Prices
Unit: In million pesos
| Industry | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | |||||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 166,562 | 151,857 | 152,201 | 193,124 | 163,629 | 148,896 | 149,181 | 200,959 | 170,805 | 161,292 | 152,395 | 195,952 | 172,497 | 162,190 | 158,619 |
| Industry Sector | 368,922 | 423,495 | 407,319 | 466,865 | 425,567 | 489,793 | 447,055 | 497,101 | 456,616 | 483,101 | 447,580 | 514,103 | 480,682 | 509,648 | 483,855 |
| Service Sector | 694,134 | 759,097 | 727,154 | 786,510 | 743,844 | 814,702 | 783,995 | 836,818 | 770,512 | 860,599 | 824,930 | 886,523 | 833,050 | 923,880 | 883,021 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 1,229,618 | 1,334,449 | 1,286,674 | 1,446,499 | 1,333,040 | 1,453,390 | 1,380,231 | 1,534,877 | 1,397,933 | 1,504,993 | 1,424,905 | 1,596,579 | 1,486,229 | 1,595,718 | 1,525,496 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 1,623,655 | 1,765,306 | 1,710,804 | 1,889,003 | 1,810,626 | 1,927,441 | 1,828,502 | 1,994,817 | 1,874,887 | 1,973,602 | 1,869,388 | 2,085,139 | 1,971,243 | 2,085,942 | 1,991,888 |
Table 20. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| Industry | 2009-2010 | 2010-2011 | 2011-2012 | ||||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | -1.8 | -2.0 | -2.0 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 8.3 | 2.2 | -2.5 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 4.1 |
| Industry Sector | 15.4 | 15.7 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 7.3 | -1.4 | 0.1 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 8.1 |
| Service Sector | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 7.0 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 8.4 | 8.9 | 7.3 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 7.1 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 11.5 | 9.2 | 6.9 | 5.6 | 3.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 6.6 |
Table 21. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Average Annualized Growth Rates, Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | Cory | Eddie | Gloria |
| 86 - '91 | 93 - '97 | 01 - '09 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.8 |
| Industry Sector | 2.6 | 4.8 | 3.3 |
| Service Sector | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.9 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 2.8 | 4.0 | 4.1 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.4 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
*Calculated using the following formula:
Chart 1. Annual Growth Rate, Cory, Eddie and Gloria
Table 22. GROSS NATIONAL INCOME AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT
BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN
Growth Rates at Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | Cory | Eddie | Erap | GMA | PNoy | |||||
| Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 1 | Year 2 | |
| Q1 to Q4 1986 | Q1 to Q4 1987 | Q3-Q4 '92 & Q1-Q2 '93 | Q3-Q4 '93 & Q1-Q2 '94 | Q3-Q4 '98 & Q1-Q2 '99 | Q3-Q4 '99 & Q1-Q2 '00 | Q1 to Q4 2001 | Q1 to Q4 2002 | Q3-Q4 '10 & Q1-Q2 '11 | Q3-Q4 11 & Q1-Q2 '12 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 5.6 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 0.1 |
| Industry Sector | 2.3 | 3.9 | -1.5 | 4.3 | -4.5 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 3.6 |
| Service Sector | 4.2 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 5.8 | 6.7 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 3.4 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 0.1 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 5.4 | 4.9 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 4.1 | 6.7 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 4.4 |
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
Table 23. Annualized Average Growth Rates*
Constant Prices
| INDUSTRY | Cory | Eddie | Erap | GMA | PNoy |
| Q1 1986 to Q1 1988 | Q3 '92 to Q3 '94 | Q3 '98 to Q3 '00 | Q1 '01 to Q1 '03 | Q3 '10 to Q3 '12 | |
| Agri., Hunting, Forestry & Fishing | 1.1 | 3.6 | 6.9 | 4.5 | 2.8 |
| Industry Sector | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 3.6 |
| Service Sector | 5.1 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 5.4 |
| GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT | 4.00 | 3.4 | 4.03 | 3.5 | 4.5 |
| GROSS NATIONAL INCOME | 6.1 | 3.9 | 9.3 | 5.7 | 1.8 |
*Calculated using the following formula:
(Posted 25 January 2013)
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