Sangmin Kwak

JPMorgan Securities (Asia Pacific) Ltd. (JPM Asia) is the Hong Kong-based brokerage subsidiary of JP Morgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM), a global financial services company headquartered in the US. JPM Asia provides brokerage services to local corporations and institutions, multinationals, governments and private clients.

UBS Securities Asia Ltd. (UBS Asia) is a brokerage firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm is a subsidiary of UBS AG, which is owned by UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. UBS Asia provides corporate and institutional clients which include intermediary and alternative asset managers with financial advisory services, access to the world's capital markets and securities products and research in the field of equity, fixed-income, rates, foreign exchange, energy and metals.

CLSA Ltd. is the Hong Kong-based institutional brokerage subsidiary of CITIC Securities Co., Ltd. (SSE: 600030, SEHK: 6030), a full-service investment bank headquartered in China. Founded in 1986, the firm provides sales and execution services to global investors and corporates.

Standard Chartered Securities (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Standard Chartered HK) is the brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Ltd., which is owned by Standard Chartered Plc (LON: STAN), a multinational banking and financial services company headquartered in London, UK. Standard Chartered HK offers online securities trading services.

BNP Paribas Securities (Asia) Ltd. (BNPP SEC ASIA) is the Hong Kong-based brokerage subsidiary of BNP Paribas SA (EPA: BNP), an international banking group headquartered in France. BNPP SEC ASIA provides electronic trading services to its clients, including its affiliates which take principal or riskless principal positons. Such services enable the access to, and execution of trades via, alternative liquidity pools (ALPs), or commonly known as dark pools, operated by other service providers or affiliates of the firm (Third Party ALPs).

Part of Société Générale SA, SG Securities (HK) Ltd. is a Chinese company that provides brokerage services. The company is based in Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Andrew Au has been the CEO of the company since 2015.

Moody's Investors Service Ltd. is the Great Britain-based investment research subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO) in the US. The firm was founded in 1985 under the name Rapidcredit Ltd. Headquartered in London, Moody's Investors Service provides credit ratings, research, and risk analysis. Credit ratings and research help investors analyze the credit risks associated with fixed-income securities. Such independent credit ratings and research also contribute to efficiencies in fixed-income markets and other obligations, such as insurance policies and derivative transactions, by providing credible and independent assessments of credit risk.

Moody's Investors Service Pty Ltd. is the Australian investment research subsidiary of Moody's Corp. (NYSE: MCO) in the US. The firm was formerly known as Gavinu Pty Ltd. Headquartered in Sydney, Moody's Investors Service provides credit ratings, research, and risk analysis to Australian corporate, financial institutions, structured, and sovereign issuers. Their regionally based analysts cover a variety of industries namely telecommunications, project finance, airlines, oil & gas, hybrid securities, real estate, power & utilities and structured finance.

Nomura Financial Investment (Korea) Co., Ltd. provides brokerage services. It offers wealth management, asset management, retail, merchant and investment banking services. The company was founded on November 26, 2009 and is headquartered in Seoul, South Korea.

CGS-CIMB Securities Hong Kong Ltd. (South Korea) is the South Korean brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based CGS-CIMB Securities Hong Kong Ltd., which is owned by CGS-CIMB Securities International Pte. Ltd. in Singapore. Headquartered in Seoul, the firm was founded in 2012 and offers retail and online broking for retail and institutional clients.

Part of Moody's Corp., Moody's Investors Service (Beijing) Ltd. is a Chinese company that provides investment research. The company is based in Beijing, China. The company was founded in 2003. Jenny Shi has been the CEO of the company since 2013.

Nomura International (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Nomura International HK) is the brokerage subsidiary of Nomura Asia Pacific Holdings Co. Ltd., which is ultimately-owned by Nomura Holdings, Inc. (TYO: 8604) in Japan. Headquartered in Hong Kong, the firm’s global markets team offers research, sales and trading of global securities to a diverse range of clients globally, including institutional investors, financial institutions, corporates, financial sponsors and government entities. Nomura International HK operates a truly integrated, cross-asset platform which includes research, sales and trading in equities, currencies, rates and credit in cash and derivative products.